Olunye uphando (olwenziwa yinkampani yokuhluza amanzi) luqikelela ukuba malunga nama-77% abantu baseMelika basebenzisa inkqubo yokucoca amanzi asekhaya. Imakethi yase-US yokucoca amanzi (2021) kulindeleke ukuba ikhule nge-5.85 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka. Ngepesenti enkulu kangaka yabantu baseMelika abasebenzisa izihluzi zamanzi[1], ingqwalasela enkulu kufuneka ihlawulwe kwiingxaki zempilo ezinokuvela ngenxa yokungatshintshi indawo yokucoca amanzi.
Iindidi zeeNkqubo zoHlulo lwaManzi eKhaya
Iinkqubo ezine zokuqala zithathwa njengeendlela zokunyanga iingongoma kuba zicubungula amanzi kwiibhetshi kwaye ziwathutha kwi-faucet enye. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, yonke inkqubo yezindlu ithathwa njengenkqubo yonyango yeendawo zokungena, edla ngokuphatha amanzi amaninzi angena endlwini.
Uyasidinga isihluzo samanzi?
Uninzi lwabantu luthenga izihluzi zamanzi kuba zixhalabele incasa okanye ivumba, okanye ngenxa yokuba zinokuba nemichiza eyingozi empilweni, njengelothe.
Inyathelo lokuqala ekuqinisekiseni ukuba isihluzo samanzi siyafuneka kukufumana umthombo wamanzi okusela. Ukuba amanzi akho okusela asuka kwisixokelelwano sonikezelo lwamanzi esiphakathi ukuya kwisikhulu, usenokungasidingi isihluzo samanzi. Njengoko bendikhe ndabhala ngaphambili, uninzi lweenkqubo zonikezelo lwamanzi ezinkulu neziphakathi zidibana nemimiselo yamanzi okusela ye-EPA kakuhle kakhulu. Uninzi lweengxaki zamanzi okusela zenzeka kwiinkqubo ezincinci zokubonelela ngamanzi kunye namaqula abucala.
Ukuba kukho incasa okanye ivumba lomcimbi ngamanzi okusela, ngaba yingxaki ngemibhobho yendlu yakho okanye inkampani yamanzi? Ukuba ingxaki yenzeka kuphela kwiifaucets ezithile, inokuba ngumbhobho wakho wasekhaya; Ukuba le meko iyenzeka kusapho lonke, inokubangelwa yinkampani yakho yamanzi - nceda uqhagamshelane nabo okanye i-arhente yezempilo yoluntu yasekuhlaleni.
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba le miba incasa kunye nevumba azibangeli iingxaki zempilo. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mntu uthanda ukusela amanzi anencasa embi okanye ivumba, kwaye izihluzi zamanzi zinokuba luncedo kakhulu ekusombululeni ezi ngxaki.
Eminye yemiba yencasa eqhelekileyo kunye nevumba kumanzi okusela zezi:
- Ivumba lesinyithi - ngokuqhelekileyo libangelwa ukuchithwa kwentsimbi okanye ubhedu kwimibhobho
- I-Chlorine okanye "ikhemikhali" incasa okanye ivumba - ngokuqhelekileyo intsebenziswano phakathi kweklorine kunye ne-organic compounds kwiinkqubo zemibhobho.
- Isalfure okanye ivumba leqanda elibolileyo – elidla ngokuvela ngokwendalo kwihydrogen sulfide kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba
- Ivumba lokungunda okanye intlanzi - lidla ngokubangelwa ziibhaktheriya ezikhula kwimibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi, izityalo, izilwanyana, okanye iibhaktheriya ezenzeke ngokwemvelo kumachibi kunye namadama.
- Incasa enetyuwa - ngokuqhelekileyo ibangelwa ngamanqanaba aphezulu e-sodium yendalo, i-magnesium, okanye i-potassium.
Isizathu sesibini sokuba abantu bathenge izihluzi zamanzi kungenxa yenkxalabo malunga neekhemikhali eziyingozi. Nangona i-EPA ilawula ukungcola kwe-90 kwiinkqubo zokubonelela ngamanzi kawonkewonke, abantu abaninzi abakholelwa ukuba amanzi abo anokusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphandle kwezihlungi. Ingxelo yophando ithi abantu bakholelwa ukuba amanzi ahluziweyo anempilo (42%) okanye ngaphezulu kokusingqongileyo (41%), okanye abakholelwa kumgangatho wamanzi (37%).
ingxaki yempilo
Ukungatshintshi indawo yesihluzi samanzi kuzisa iingxaki ezininzi zempilo kunokuba zisombulula
Le meko yenzeka kuba ukuba isihluzo asitshintshwanga rhoqo, iibhaktheriya ezinobungozi kunye nezinye ii-microorganisms ziya kukhula kwaye zande. Xa izihluzi zivaliwe, zingonakala, nto leyo ekhokelela ekudibaneni kweebhaktheriya kunye neekhemikhali ezingena kunikezelo lwamanzi lwendlu yakho. Ukukhula okugqithisileyo kweebhaktheriya ezinobungozi kunokulimaza impilo yakho, okukhokelela kwiingxaki zesisu, kuquka ukuhlanza kunye nohudo.
Izihluzi zamanzi zinokususa zombini iikhemikhali ezilungileyo nezingalunganga
Izihluzi zamanzi azikwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwemichiza ebalulekileyo empilweni (enjengekhalsiyam, imagnesium, i-iodine, nepotassium) nemichiza eyingozi (enjengelothe necadmium).
Oku kungenxa yokuba ukusebenzisa isihluzo samanzi ukususa imichiza kusekelwe kubukhulu be pore yesihluzo, obubukhulu bomngxuma omncinane adlula kuwo amanzi. Khawucinge ngesihluzo okanye icephe elivuzayo. Okukhona imingxuma emincinane, kokukhona iba ncinane ungcoliseko oluyivalelayo. Umzekelo, isihluzo sekhabhoni esisebenzayo esine-microfiltration filter inobungakanani bepore obumalunga ne-0.1 micrometers [2]; Ubungakanani bepore yesihluzo se-osmosis esingasemva simalunga ne-0.0001 ye-micrometers, enokuthintela iikhemikhali ezincinci kunezihluzo zekhabhoni.
Izihluzi zinokuvala zonke iikhemikhali ezinobungakanani obufanayo, nokuba zibalulekile okanye ziyingozi empilweni. Oku kuye kwaba yingxaki kumazwe afana nelakwa-Israel, apho ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa emanzini olwandle kusetyenziswa kakhulu njengamanzi okusela. Ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa emanzini olwandle kusebenzisa inkqubo ye-osmosis eguqukayo ukususa ityuwa emanzini, kodwa ukongeza kwityuwa, kukwasusa izinto ezine ezibalulekileyo: i-fluoride, i-calcium, i-iodine kunye ne-magnesium. Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kokukhutshwa kwetyuwa emanzini olwandle, i-Israel inika ingqwalasela eyodwa kunqongophalo lwe-iodine kunye nokusilela kwe-magnesium kubemi. Ukunqongophala kwe-iodine kunokukhokelela ekungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-thyroid, ngelixa ukungabikho kwe-magnesium kuhambelana nesifo senhliziyo kunye nohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile.
Yintoni abathengi abafuna ukuyenza?
Akukho mpendulo malunga nokuba kufuneka kuthengwe isihluzo samanzi. Olu lukhetho lobuqu, kuxhomekeke kwimeko ethile yentsapho yakho. Eyona miba ibalulekileyo xa ufunda izihluzi zamanzi zasendlwini luhlobo lokucoca, ubungakanani bepore, kunye nezingcolisi ezithile ezisusiweyo.
Iindidi eziphambili zezihluzi zamanzi zezi:
Ikhabhoni esebenzayo - lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi kunye nezinga eliphezulu le-adsorption. Ifanelekile ukususa ilothe, i-mercury, kunye neklorine, kodwa ayikwazi ukususa i-nitrate, i-arsenic, isinyithi esinzima, okanye iibhaktheriya ezininzi.
- Ukubuyisela umva i-osmosis - usebenzisa uxinzelelo lokususa ukungcola nge-membrane evumayo. Ukwazi ukususa iikhemikhali ezininzi kunye neebhaktheriya.
- I-Ultrafiltration-Ifana nokubuyisela umva i-osmosis, kodwa ayifuni amandla ukuze isebenze. Isusa iikhemikhali ezininzi kune-osmosis eguqukayo.
- Idistillation yamanzi - ukufudumeza amanzi ukuya kwindawo yokubilisa kwaye emva koko uqokelele umphunga wamanzi ngexesha lokujiya. Ifanelekile ukususa iikhemikhali ezininzi kunye neebhaktheriya.
- Izihluzi zokutshintshiselana nge-Ion - sebenzisa i-resins eziqulethe ii-ion ze-hydrogen ezihlawulwe ngokufanelekileyo ukutsala ungcoliseko - ukuthambisa amanzi (ukususa i-calcium, i-magnesium, kunye nezinye iiminerali emanzini kwaye endaweni yazo ngesodium).
- Imisebe ye-UV - Ukukhanya okuphezulu kunokususa ibhaktheriya, kodwa ayikwazi ukususa iikhemikhali.
Ukuba ucinga ngokuthenga isihluzo samanzi, ungasebenzisa ezinye izixhobo ezigqwesileyo:
- Ngolwazi ngokubanzi, nceda undwendwele iwebhusayithi yeCDC
- Ulwazi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokucoca amanzi
- Ukukala kwemveliso
- Ukuqinisekiswa kwemveliso yiNational Health Foundation (NSF), umbutho ozimeleyo obeka imigangatho yempilo yoluntu kwiimveliso
Ukuba uthenge isihluzo samanzi okanye sele unaso, nceda ukhumbule ukusibuyisela endaweni yaso!
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-17-2023