Kulula ukukholelwa ukuba amanzi aphuma kumpompo wakho acoceke ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye akhuselekile ukuba uwasele. Kodwa, ngelishwa, amashumi eminyaka emigangatho yomgangatho wamanzi athobileyo athetha ukuba uninzi, ukuba ayingabo bonke, imithombo yamanzi e-United States iqulethe ubuncinci obuthile. Oku kwenza isihluzo samanzi sibe yinto eyimfuneko kulo naliphi na ikhaya elisempilweni.
Zisindise inkathazo yokuthenga amanzi asebhotileni abizayo kwaye angenakugcinwa kunye nezi nkqubo zokucoca, eziqinisekisiweyo zokususa i-toxins ngeengcali zamanzi okusela.
Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zezihluzi zamanzi kwimarike: izihluzo zekhabhoni kunye nezihluzo ze-osmosis ezibuyisela umva. Uninzi lweejagi, iibhotile kunye nezixhobo zokuhambisa zixhotyiswe ngeefilitha zekhabhoni.
Banomaleko wekhabhoni osebenzayo obamba ukungcola okukhulu okufana nelothe. USydney Evans, umhlalutyi wenzululwazi kwiQela eliSebenzayo lokusiNgqongileyo (EWG) malunga nongcoliseko lwamanzi ompompo, uphawula ukuba ezi zintlobo zokucoca zifikeleleke ngakumbi, ziyaqondakala kwaye zingabizi kakhulu. I-caveat kukuba banokusingatha kuphela inani elithile lokungcola. Kananjalo kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo njengoko ungcoliseko lunokwakhelana ngaphakathi kwesihluzo sekhabhoni kwaye luthobeke umgangatho wamanzi ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Izihluzi ze-osmosis ezibuyela umva ziqulethe isihluzo sekhabhoni kunye nenye inwebu yokubambisa ungcoliseko oluncinci olungenako ukwenza amalahle. “Iya kuhluza phantse yonke into emanzini akho, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba apho unokufuna ukongeza izinto ezinjengetyuwa okanye iiminerali ukunika incasa ethile,” ucacise watsho u-Eric D. Olson. IBhunga (iBhunga loKhuselo lweMithombo yeNdalo).
Ngelixa ezi zihluzo zisebenza ngakumbi ekubambeni amasuntswana amahle, zithande ukubiza kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuzifaka. U-Evans uphinde waphawula ukuba basebenzisa amanzi amaninzi ngelixa besebenza, into ekufuneka uyikhumbule ukuba uhlala kwindawo enqabileyo yamanzi.
Ngokumalunga nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwesihluzi onokuthi ukhethe, kuxhomekeke kungcoliseko kumthombo wakho wamanzi. Yonke into ebalulekileyo yamanzi e-United States (ekhonza abantu abangaphezu kwama-50,000) ifunwa ngumthetho ukuvavanya amanzi abo ngonyaka kwaye ipapashe ingxelo yeziphumo. Ibizwa ngokuba yiNgxelo yoNyaka yoMgangatho waManzi, iNgxelo yeLungelo lokwazi, okanye iNgxelo yoNcedo lwaBathengi. Kufuneka ifikeleleke ngokulula kwiwebhusayithi yoncedo. Unokujonga kwakhona i-database yamanzi epompo ye-EWG ukujonga ngokukhawuleza kwizinto ezifunyenweyo zamva nje kwindawo yakho. (Ezi ngxelo aziluthatheli ngqalelo ungcoliseko olunokuba luvela kumxokelelwane wakho wemibhobho yamanzi; ukuze ufumane umfanekiso opheleleyo wazo, kuya kufuneka uvavanyo lwamanzi oluchwephesha kwikhaya lakho,1 olubiza kakhulu.)
Zilungiselele: ingxelo yakho yomgangatho wamanzi inokuqulatha ulwazi oluninzi. Kwizinto ezingcolisayo ezingaphezu kwama-300 eziye zafunyanwa kwiinkqubo zamanzi okusela zase-US, uEvans wacacisa, “zimalunga nama-90 kuphela kuzo ezilawulwayo (izithintelo ezisemthethweni) akuthethi ukuba zikhuselekile.”
U-Olson waqaphela ukuba imigangatho emininzi yokhuseleko lwamanzi okusela yelizwe ayizange ihlaziywe ukususela ngo-1970 kunye no-1980 kwaye ayihambisani nenzululwazi yamva nje. Kananjalo abasoloko beyithathela ingqalelo into yokuba nangona iziyobisi zikhuselekile ukusela kwiidosi eziphantsi, zinokubangela iziphumo ezingafunekiyo ukuba zithathwa yonke imihla, amaxesha amaninzi ngemini. “Unezinto ezininzi ezinefuthe elikhawulezileyo, kodwa nezinto ezibonakala emva kweminyaka, kodwa zinzulu kakhulu, njengomhlaza,” utshilo.
Abo basebenzisa amanzi amaqula okanye abasebenzisa inkqubo encinane kamasipala abarhanela ukuba ayigcinwanga kakuhle basenokufuna ukujonga kwizihluzi zamanzi. Ukongeza ekuhluzeni izinto ezingcolisa imichiza, zikwabulala iintsholongwane ezisemanzini ezinokubangela izifo ezinjenge-legionella. Nangona kunjalo, iinkqubo ezininzi zokucocwa kwamanzi ziyawasusa, ngoko aziyongxaki kubantu abaninzi.
Bobabini u-Olson kunye no-Evans bayathandabuza ukucebisa isihluzo esinye ngaphezu kwesinye, njengoko ukhetho lwakho olungcono luya kuxhomekeka kumthombo wakho wamanzi. Indlela ophila ngayo ikwadlala indima, njengoko abanye abantu belungile ngejagi encinci egcwele yonke imihla, ngelixa abanye becaphuka kwaye bafuna inkqubo enkulu yokucoca. Ugcino kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali zezinye izinto eziqwalaselwayo; Nangona iinkqubo ze-osmosis ezibuyisela umva zibiza kakhulu, azifuni kugcinwa kuninzi kunye nokutshintshwa kwesihluzo.
Ngaloo nto engqondweni, siye phambili sajonga izihluzo zamanzi ezisixhenxe ezicoca amanzi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa zonke ziwenza kakuhle umsebenzi. Sifunde ngononophelo uphononongo lwabathengi ukufumana iimveliso ezineengxaki ezimbalwa kwaye zenze ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla kube lula.
Iinketho ezingezantsi zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ubungakanani, kunye nenkqubo, kodwa zonke zinenqaku eliphezulu ukuze kube lula ukufakela, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nokutshintshwa njengoko kufuneka. Inkampani nganye ihleli elubala malunga nongcoliseko alwehliswayo zizihluzo zabo kwaye ziqinisekiswe ngokuzimeleyo ngabavavanyi beqela lesithathu kwinto abayithethayo.
“Kubalulekile ukuba abantu bangazithengi izihluzi kuba [inkampani] ithi sisihluzo esilungileyo. Kufuneka ufumane isihluzi esiqinisekisiweyo, ”utshilo u-Olson. Ngaloo ndlela, zonke iimveliso ezikolu luhlu ziye zaqinisekiswa yi-NSF International okanye i-Water Quality Association (WSA), imibutho emibini ehamba phambili yokuvavanya ngokuzimeleyo kushishino lwamanzi ompompo. Awuyi kufumana iingxelo ezingaqondakaliyo ezingaxhaswanga luvavanyo lomntu wesithathu.
Zonke ezi zihluzo ziye zavavanywa ngokuzimeleyo ukubonisa ukuba zinciphisa ungcoliseko olubangwayo. Sichonga ezinye zezinto ezingcolisekileyo kwiinkcazo zemveliso yethu.
Zonke ezi zihluzo ziyilelwe ukuba zihlale ixesha elide kunabo bakhuphisana nabo kwaye zinokutshintshwa ngokulula nangokucacileyo xa zifuneka.
Kolu luhlu, uya kufumana isihluzi esihambelana nezinto ozikhethayo, ukusuka kwiingqayi ezincinci ezipholileyo ukuya kwiinkqubo zendlu yonke.
Ngokuqinisekileyo siya kubandakanya izihluzi zekhabhoni kunye nezihluzo zokubuyisela umva i-osmosis kuluhlu lwethu ngayo yonke incasa kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
I-PUR charcoal filter iza ne-screw mounts ezintathu kwaye kulula ukuyifaka kwiifaucets ezininzi (ungazami nje ukuyifaka kwiifaucets zokutsalwa okanye ngesandla). Ababuyekezi bayaqaphela ukuba kulula ukuyifaka kwimizuzu kwaye ivelise amanzi acocekileyo ngokubonakalayo. Uphawu olubalaseleyo lwale mveliso kukukhanya okuzakhelwe ngaphakathi okuya kukulumkisa xa isihluzo sifuna ukutshintshwa, sinciphisa ithuba lokungcoliseka kwamanzi kwisihluzo esimdaka. Isihluzo ngasinye sicoca malunga neelitha ezili-100 zamanzi kwaye sihlala iinyanga ezintathu. Iqinisekiswa yi-NSF ukususa izingcolisi ezingama-70 (jonga uluhlu olupheleleyo apha), esi sihluzo sifanelekile kwabo bafuna ukukhusela amanzi etephu ekhitshini labo kwilothe, izibulali-zinambuzane kunye neemveliso eziphuma kwiimveliso ngaphandle kwesidingo sesihluzo esibanzi. Lukhetho olulungileyo lwenkqubo ye-osmosis ebuyela umva.
Ukuba usoloko ukhetha amanzi abandayo, ahluziweyo efrijini (kwaye ungakhathazeki ngokuhlala ugcwalisa iketile), ngoko olu khetho lulungiselelwe wena. Ikhaphukhaphu kwaye ibonakalisa i-spout ephezulu kunye noyilo lwempompo esecaleni ekuvumela ukuba ugcwalise ibhotile yakho yamanzi ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufikelele kumanzi acocekileyo ngelixa igumbi eliphezulu lisahluza. Ababuyekezi baluxabisile uyilo olunesitayile kunye nomvavanyi womgangatho wamanzi obandakanyiweyo okunceda ukuba uqonde ukuba usitshintshe nini isihluzi. (Ungalindela ukufumana iilitha ezingama-20 zamanzi acocekileyo kwisihluzo ngasinye, kwaye zidla ngokuhlala malunga nenyanga enye ukuya kwezimbini, kuxhomekeke ekubeni uzisebenzisa kaninzi kangakanani na.) Qiniseka ukuba utshintsha izihluzi rhoqo, kwaye ucoce kwaye wosule ngaphakathi kwesihluzo. . . kwakhona yomise ijagi ukuze ukungunda kungenzi. Esi sihluzi siqinisekisiwe yi-NSF yokunciphisa iPFOS/PFOA, ukukhokela kunye nezingcolisi ezidwelisiweyo.
Inkqubo ye-APEC ilungele ukufakela izihluzi zokuhlamba ezilahlwayo. Uyilo lwayo lwe-osmosis olubuyela umva lubandakanya amanqanaba amahlanu okuhluza ukunciphisa ungcoliseko olungaphezulu kwe-1,000 kumanzi okusela. I-drawback kuphela kukuba isihluzo ngasinye kufuneka sitshintshwe ngokuzimeleyo, kodwa kungabi ngaphezu kanye ngonyaka. Ngelixa kukho isikhokelo sokuseta ukuba uzenzele ngokwakho, unokufuna ukufowunela ingcali ukuba awukho loo ndawo. Nje ukuba ifakwe, ababuyekezi baye baxabisa ukuba inkqubo yomelezwa ukukhusela ukuvuza kunye nokuhambisa amanzi ahlambulukileyo ngaphaya kwamandla okucoca i-carbon filter.
Le nkqubo yendlu yonke iyakugcina amanzi akho ecociwe ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emithandathu kwaye inokuphatha iilitha ezingama-600,000 ngaphandle kokutshintshwa. Uyilo lwayo lwe-slot eninzi luhluza ungcoliseko lweekhemikhali, luthambisa kwaye luhlambulule amanzi ngelixa lususa ii-microbes, iintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya. Yenzelwe ukubonelela ngokukhawuleza kumanzi ngaphandle kokuvala kwaye iphathwa ukukhusela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya kunye ne-algae. Ababuyekezi bayaqaphela ukuba xa sele ifakiwe (ungafuna ukubiza kwingcali), inkqubo isebenza ngokwayo kwaye ifuna ukulungiswa okuncinci.
Le bhotile yamanzi yentsimbi engapheliyo ihluza ukungcola kwe-23 kwi-faucet, kuquka i-lead, i-chlorine kunye ne-pesticides, kunye nebhotile ngokwayo i-BPA yamahhala. Isihluzi saso sinokuphazamisa ukuya kutsho kwiilitha ezingama-30 zamanzi kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo sihlala malunga neenyanga ezintathu. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kugcinwe kwizihluzi zokutshintsha kwangaphambili, zibiza i-12.99 yeedola nganye. Ababuyekezi badumisa ibhotile ye-sleek kunye noyilo oluzinzileyo, kodwa qaphela ukuba kuthatha umzamo wokupompa amanzi ahluziweyo ngotshani. Olu lukhetho oluhle lokuhamba nawe ukuba uhamba kwindawo entsha kwaye awuqinisekanga ngamanzi.
Abakhenkethi abafuna ukucima ngokukhawuleza kwaye bahlambulule imithombo yamanzi ahlambulukileyo baya kufuna ukujonga i-GRYL. Esi sicoci sinamandla sisusa iintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya kunye neklorini, izibulali-zinambuzane kunye nezinye iintsimbi ezinzima. Uzalisa nje ibhotile ngamanzi aphuma emlanjeni okanye utephu, cofa ikepusi imizuzwana esibhozo, emva koko ukhulule, kwaye iiglasi ezintathu zamanzi acocekileyo zilungile ezandleni zakho. Isihluzo sekhabhoni ngasinye sinokusebenzisa malunga neelitha ezingama-65 zamanzi phambi kokuba kufuneke kutshintshwe. Ababuyekezi bayaqaphela ukuba isebenza kakuhle ekuhambeni kweentsuku ezininzi, kodwa gcinani engqondweni ukuba xa uhamba kwindawo ekude, uya kuhlala ufuna ukuthwala umthombo wamanzi kunye nawe xa kunjalo.
Esi sithambiso samanzi esingenayo i-BPA sinokubekwa kwi-countertop yakho okanye kwifriji yakho ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kumanzi acocekileyo. Iphethe iiglasi ezili-18 zamanzi, kwaye ababuyekezi bayaqaphela ukuba kulula ukuthulula i-sink. Sincoma ukuyisebenzisa nge-NSF-certified Brita longlast+ filter ukususa ichlorine, ilothe kunye nemercury ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu (120 galoni). Ibhonasi: Ngokungafaniyo nezihluzo ezininzi zekhabhoni, ekufuneka zilahlwe kwinkunkuma, zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kusetyenziswa inkqubo yeTerraCycle.
Ngamafutshane, ewe. "Nangona imimiselo ethile, amanzi aphuma kumpompo wakho athwala inqanaba elithile lempilo yengozi, kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezingcolileyo ezifunyenwe emanzini akho okusela kunye namanqanaba abo," u-Evans waphinda. “Andiqondi ukuba kulo lonke uphando lwam ndiye ndadibana namanzi angenazingcolisi kuwo. Kusenokubakho into ekufanele ihluzwe. ”
Ngenxa yomsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwamanzi okusela asemthethweni kunye nakhuselekileyo, kuyahlawula ukuba uqaphele kwaye ucoce amanzi owasela yonke imihla.
Ukuhluza amanzi akho ngenye yezi nkqubo zisixhenxe ziqinisekisiweyo yenye yeendlela zokuqinisekisa ukuba awuseli ngempazamo nantoni na enokukugulisa. Emva kokuba wenze ukhetho lwakho lokuthenga isihluzo, unokufuna ukucinga ngokuthatha amanyathelo okucoca unikezelo lwakho lwamanzi lonke.
“Esona sisombululo silungileyo kuye wonke umntu kukufikelela kumanzi ompompo akhuselekileyo navavanywe kakuhle, ngoko ayinguye wonke umntu oyindoda, owasetyhini nomntwana ekufuneka bathenge kwaye bagcine isihluzo sasekhaya ngokwabo,” utshilo u-Olson.
Ukuqinisa imimiselo yamanzi okusela e-United States ngokungathandabuzekiyo yinkqubo ende kwaye inzima, kodwa unokubonisa inkxaso yakho ngokuqhagamshelana nelungu le-Congress okanye ummeli we-EPA kwaye ucele uluntu lwakho ukuba luphuhlise imigangatho yamanzi okusela akhuselekileyo. Ngethemba ukuba ngenye imini akusayi kufuneka siwahluze amanzi okusela kwaphela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-04-2023